Budidaya Buah Kelengkeng

In Indonesia, currently two types of longan are known, namely longan highlands and lowland longan. Highland longan is a type of longan that first developed in Indonesia and is only capable of producing in highland areas such as in Temanggung, Ambarawa and Tumpang. Lowland longan is an introduced longan from Thailand and Vietnam which has just begun to develop in Indonesia in recent years. This longan grows very well in the lowland areas but is still capable of producing in the highlands.

Longan requires loose soil, with a thick layer of soil and can hold water well. The types of soil that are suitable for longan growth include andosol, vertisol, latosol, or lateritic soil types. Longan plants require a pH of around 5.5-6.5. The desired rainfall is 2500-3000 mm per year with an even distribution throughout the year. In addition, this plant requires full sun. The optimum temperature for longan growth ranges from 20-330C with a relative humidity of 65-90%.

In the highlands, the longan varieties that are widely developed are Kopyor and Batu, while in the lowlands, they are Pingpong, Diamond River and Itoh. The advantages of this variety are its broad adaptability and early maturity, from grafts or shoot grafting it can bear fruit at the age of 8-12 months while from seeds it can bear fruit at the age of 2-3 years.