Metabolic Pathways

📘 Metabolic Pathways (2026–2027 Edition)

Metabolic Pathways (2026–2027 Edition) is a comprehensive & concept-focused resource designed for advanced learning in biochemistry, metabolism, bioenergetics, & molecular life sciences. This book presents a detailed & integrated understanding of metabolic reactions, energy transformations, enzymatic regulation, & pathway coordination in living systems.

The content emphasizes core biochemical principles, regulatory mechanisms making it suitable for conceptual clarity, exam preparation, & advanced study. It connects classical metabolic pathways with modern applications in health, disease, biotechnology, & systems biology.

🔋 Unit 1: Introduction to Metabolism & Bioenergetics

• Overview of metabolism: catabolism, anabolism, amphibolic pathways

• Thermodynamic principles in biological systems

• Gibbs free energy & reaction spontaneity

• ATP structure, synthesis, & energy coupling

• Role of NAD⁺, NADH, FAD, & coenzyme A

• Redox reactions & biological oxidation

• High-energy intermediates & coupled reactions

🧬 Unit 2: Enzyme Principles & Regulation

• Enzyme classification & nomenclature

• Structure–function relationships

• Mechanisms of enzyme catalysis

• Enzyme kinetics & Michaelis–Menten theory

• Enzyme inhibition types

• Allosteric regulation & cooperativity

• Covalent modification & feedback inhibition

• Hormonal regulation of enzymes

🍞 Unit 3: Carbohydrate Catabolism

• Glycolysis pathway & energetics

• Regulation of glycolysis

• Fermentation pathways

• Gluconeogenesis & Cori cycle

• Glycogen structure & metabolism

• Glycogenesis & glycogenolysis

• Glycogen storage diseases

🧪 Unit 4: Pentose Phosphate Pathway

• Oxidative & non-oxidative phases

• NADPH generation & antioxidant role

• Sugar interconversion reactions

• Transketolase & transaldolase

• G6PD deficiency & clinical relevance

• Link between PPP & glycolysis

⚡ Unit 5: TCA Cycle & Oxidative Phosphorylation

• Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

• TCA cycle reactions & regulation

• Anaplerotic reactions

• Electron transport chain organization

• Chemiosmotic ATP synthesis

• Inhibitors, uncouplers, & ROS

🧈 Unit 6: Lipid Metabolism

• Lipid digestion & transport

• Fatty acid activation & β-oxidation

• Ketone body metabolism

• Fatty acid biosynthesis

• Regulation of lipid metabolism

• Cholesterol biosynthesis

• Lipoprotein metabolism & disorders

🧠 Unit 7: Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism

• Amino acid classification

• Transamination & deamination

• Ammonia detoxification

• Urea cycle regulation

• Glucogenic & ketogenic amino acids

• One-carbon metabolism

• Inborn errors of metabolism

🧬 Unit 8: Nucleotide Metabolism

• Purine & pyrimidine structure

• De novo synthesis pathways

• Salvage pathways

• Catabolism & disorders

• Antimetabolites & cancer therapy

🔄 Unit 9: Integration & Regulation of Metabolism

• Metabolic homeostasis

• Liver, muscle, & brain metabolism

• Fed, fasting, & starvation states

• Integration in metabolic diseases

🔴 Unit 10: Bioenergetics & Redox Balance

• ATP yield calculations

• Redox couples & oxidative stress

• Steady-state vs equilibrium

• Metabolic control analysis

• Flux control & elasticity

• Mitochondrial dysfunction

🩺 Unit 11: Metabolism in Health and Disease

• Metabolic syndrome & diabetes

• Inherited metabolic disorders

• Tumor metabolism

• Drug targeting

💻 Unit 12: Experimental & Computational Tools

• Enzyme assays & isotope tracing

• Metabolomics techniques

• Imaging & systems biology

This app is inspired by the authors:

David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox, Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Jeremy M. Berg, Lubert Stryer, Albert L. Lehninger, Harper W. Montgomery

📲 Download Metabolic Pathways (2026–2027 Edition) to gain a deep, integrated understanding of metabolism, bioenergetics, enzymology, & regulatory networks essential for modern biochemical sciences.