مقدمة ابن خلدون

The Introduction is a book written by Ibn Khaldun in the year 1377 AD as a preface to his huge book, Kitab Al-Abr (the full name of the book is Kitab Al-Abr, Diwan Al-Mubtada and Al-Khabar in the days of the Arabs, the non-Arabs, the Berbers, and those of their contemporaries with the greatest authority). The introduction was later considered a separate book of an encyclopedic nature, in which it deals with all fields of knowledge from Sharia, history, geography, economics, urbanism, sociology, politics, and medicine. In it, he dealt with the conditions of humans, the differences in their natures, the environment, and their impact on humans. The study also dealt with the development of nations and peoples, the emergence of the state and the reasons for its collapse, focusing on the interpretation of this on the concept of nervousness. With this book, Ibn Khaldun preceded other thinkers to many opinions and ideas until he was considered the founder of sociology, predating that of the French philosopher Auguste Comte.