CT Brain Imaging Variations -A

This App is a valuable resource for neuroradiologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and radiologists in interpreting the most common and identifiable variants and using the best methods to classify them expediently. In real life clinical practice, radiologists usually make their differential diagnoses according to the image patterns, as the etiology is often unknown. Brain Imaging with CT and MRI presents over 180 disease processes and normal variants, grouping entities by these basic patterns to accentuate differential diagnostic features. High quality CT and MRI scans show multiple typical and distinguishing images for each entity. Common and unusual clinical scenarios are described, including dilated perivascular spaces, capillary teleangiectasia, Susac's syndrome and desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma. Both basic and advanced imaging techniques are used, reflecting the reality of clinical practice. This image-focused app emphasises the most pertinent clinical information relevant to the diagnostic process. Trainee and practising radiologists will find Brain Imaging with CT and MRI an invaluable and clinically relevant tool for learning and teaching.

Brain Imaging: A Guide for Clinicians is designed to provide a foundation of information necessary for those wishing to integrate brain imaging into their practice, or to those who currently review brain scans but have minimal formal training in neuroimaging. The guide covers a range of topics

important to those using brain imaging, such as the strengths and weaknesses of the many different techniques currently available, the factors that may influence the use of imaging data, common pitfalls or artifacts that may be misleading to the clinician, the most appropriate techniques to use

given a specific clinical question or condition, how to interpret information presented on a brain image, and also how many pathological conditions appear on a variety of brain scanning techniques or sequences. This guide also provides detailed information regarding the identification of primary

brain regions, anatomical structures, systems or pathways using both two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging techniques. A brain atlas is included using both CT and MRI sequences to facilitate the reader's ability to identify most primary brain structures.

Some of the Topics are:

Pediatric Brain: Normal Variations in Development, Maturation, and Myelination

Cavernous Sinus Fat and Pseudomasses

Pituitary Variations, Artifacts, Primary Empty Sella, and Incidentalomas

Liliequist Membrane

Pineal Gland: Normal Size, Appearance, and Enhancement

Choroid Plexus: Normal Locations and Appearances

Hippocampi, Caudate Tail, and Ependymal Variants

Midline Variants of the Septum Pellucidum, Corpus Callosum, and Massa Intermedia

Dilated Perivascular Spaces

Enlargement or Asymmetry of the Lateral Ventricles Simulating Hydrocephalus

Intracranial Anterior Circulation Variants

Persistent Carotid-Basilar and Carotid-Vertebral Anastomoses

Variations in the Intracranial Venous System

Cerebellar Flocculus Pseudomass

Mega Cisterna Magna and Retrocerebellar Arachnoid Cysts

Cranial Nerve VII: Normal Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Arachnoid Granulations Within the Dural Sinuses

Artifacts of the Craniocervical Venous System on MRI

Artifacts of the Craniocervical Arterial System on MRI

Artifacts on Craniocervical CT Angiography

Dense Vessels Simulating Thrombosis on Non enhanced CT

Craniocervical Vasculature

Craniocervical Vasculature: Introduction

Aortic Arch and Great Vessel Origin Arterial Variants

Cervical Carotid and Vertebral Arterial Variants

Tortuous Cervical and Intracranial Arteries and Basilar-Carotid Dolichoectasia

Miscellaneous Cervical Venous Variants

Intracranial Posterior Circulation Variants

Pseudo-leptomeningeal Contrast Enhancement

Basal Ganglia: Physiologic Calcifications

Brain MRI Pseudolesions: 3.0 T Imaging, FLAIR, and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging