Sejarah Islam

The Arabian Peninsula before the arrival of Islam was a very backward region. Most Arabs are idol worshipers and others are followers of Christianity and Judaism. Mecca was a holy place for the Arabs. because in that place there are their religious idols and there is also the Zamzam Well and the most important is the Kaaba.

Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca in the Year of the Elephant which is on the 12th of the Early Rabi'ul or on April 21 (570 or 571 AD). The Prophet Muhammad was an orphan after his father Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib died while he was still in the womb and his mother Aminah bint Wahab died when he was 7 years old. Then he was raised by his grandfather Abdul Muthalib. After his grandfather died he was raised by his uncle Abu Talib. The Prophet Muhammad later married Siti Khadijah when he was 25 years old. He was once a goat herder.

Prophet Muhammad was appointed as a judge. At the age of 35 years, the Mecca city was hit by a flood, He did not like the atmosphere of the city of Mecca which was filled with people who had high social problems. Besides worshiping idols, the people of Mecca at that time also buried female babies. The Prophet Muhammad spent much of his time alone in the cave of Hira to seek tranquility and think about the problems of the inhabitants of Mecca. When the Prophet Muhammad was 40 years old, he was visited by the Angel Gabriel. After that he taught the teachings of Islam secretly to his closest people known as "as-Sabiqun al-Awwalun (The first people to embrace Islam)" and subsequently openly to the entire population of Mecca, after the revelation of al- quran surat al hijr verse 94.

In 622, the Prophet Muhammad and his followers moved from Mecca to Medina. This event was called Hijrah. Since the incident began the Islamic Calendar or the Hijri calendar.

Meccans and Medina fought alongside the Prophet Muhammad with good results even though some of them were killed. Over time the Muslims became stronger, and succeeded in conquering the city of Mecca. After the Prophet Muhammad died, the entire Arabian Peninsula was under Islamic rule.