이스라엘의 역사(성서시대부터 현재까지)

Modern Israel is roughly situated in the place of the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah. This region (also known as the land of Israel and Palestine) is the birthplace of the Hebrew and Abraham religions, and includes sacred sites in Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Samaritanism, Druze, and the Baja faith.

The land of Israel has been inhabited by various empires, but was largely Jewish, from about 1,000 BC before the third century AD.

The region gradually became a Christian after the third century, and after the Muslim conquest of the Levant for seven centuries, it was largely Muslim, following the Islamicization of Palestine. It was the focus of the conflict between Christianity and Islam between 1096 and 1291, and was part of the first Mamluk Sultanate from the end of the Crusaders to the conquest of England in 1917, then the Syrian province of the Ottoman Empire.

In the late 19th century, the Jewish national movement Zionism emerged. The British occupied the Ottoman territory in Levant, followed by the declaration of World War I firing, the establishment of Palestinian self-government, and the increase of Aliyah (Jewish immigration to the land of Israel). A conflict has arisen. Israel's independence in 1948 was characterized by massive migration from Europe and Islamic countries to Israel and from Israel to Arabs, followed by extensive clashes between Arab and Israel. Today, about 43% of the world's Jews live in Israel, the largest Jewish community in the world.

Since 1970, the United States has been a major ally of Israel. In 1979 an uneasy Egypt-Israeli peace treaty was signed based on the Camp David Agreement. In 1993, Israel signed the Oslo I Agreement with the Palestinian Liberation Organization, followed by the establishment of the Palestinian State Power and the 1994 Israel-Jordan Peace Agreement. Despite efforts to close the peace treaty, conflict continues to play an important role in Israeli and international political, social and economic life.

The Israeli economy was largely a socialist state until the 1970s and was dominated by the Social Democrats. Later, the Israeli economy gradually shifted to a capitalist and free-market economy, partially maintaining social welfare systems.